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Voters in six states—Colorado, Florida, Maryland, New York, Nevada, and South Dakota—will decide on abortion-related ballot measures in Nov. 2024. Initiatives are pending signature verification in five states—Arizona, Arkansas, Missouri, Montana, and Nebraska.

This report provides the most recent updates on abortion-related ballot measure certifications and potential measures.

Here is the status of abortion-related ballot measures for 2024.

Certified abortion-related ballot measures in 2024

Colorado

Colorado voters will be deciding on a constitutional amendment that would provide a right to abortion in the state constitution. The initiative would prohibit the state or local governments from denying or impeding the right to an abortion and allow abortion to be a covered service under health insurance plans.

Florida

Amendment 4 would provide a constitutional right to abortion “before viability or when necessary to protect the patient’s health, as determined by the patient’s healthcare provider.”

Maryland

Maryland voters will be deciding a constitutional amendment that would guarantee a right to reproductive freedom, including the ability to prevent, continue, or end one’s own pregnancy. The ballot measure is designed to prohibit the constitutional right from being denied or infringed unless there is a compelling state interest, which would need to be achieved using the least restrictive means.

Nevada

Nevada voters will decide on a constitutional amendment to establish a state right to an abortion. The measure would allow for the state to regulate abortion after fetal viability, except where medically indicated to protect the life, physical health, or mental health of the pregnant woman.

New York

New York voters will decide on a constitutional amendment to prohibit the denial of a person’s rights based on the person’s “ethnicity, national origin, age, [and] disability,” as well as the person’s “sex, including sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, pregnancy, pregnancy outcomes, and reproductive healthcare and autonomy.”

South Dakota

Constitutional Amendment G would provide a trimester framework for regulating abortion in the South Dakota Constitution. During the first trimester of pregnancy, the state would be prohibited from regulating a woman’s decision to have an abortion. During the second trimester of pregnancy, the state may regulate abortion, but “only in ways that are reasonably related to the physical health of the pregnant woman.” And during the third trimester of pregnancy, the state may regulate or prohibit abortion, except “when abortion is necessary, in the medical judgment of the woman’s physician, to preserve the life and health of the pregnant woman.”

Potential abortion-related ballot measures in 2024

Arizona

The campaign Arizona for Abortion Access is working to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot that would establish a state constitutional right to abortion that the state may not interfere with before the point of fetal viability.

Arkansas

The Arkansans for Limited Government campaign is working to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot that would prohibit laws or policies restricting abortion access within 18 weeks from conception; in cases of rape, incest, or fatal fetal anomaly; or when abortion is needed to protect the life or health of the mother as determined by a physician.

Missouri

The Missourians for Constitutional Freedom campaign is working to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot that would provide the right to reproductive freedom, and provide that the state legislature may enact laws that regulate abortion after fetal viability. Signatures were submitted for the amendment on May 3, 2024. Proponents reported submitting 380,159 signatures.

Montana

Montana voters may decide on a constitutional amendment that would provide for the right to make and carry out decisions about one’s own pregnancy, including a right to abortion.

Nebraska

There are two potential abortion-related initiatives in Nebraska.

The Protect Our Rights campaign is working to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot that would establish a right to abortion until fetal viability.

Another constitutional amendment filed in Nebraska would prohibit abortions after the first trimester unless necessitated by a medical emergency or the pregnancy is a result of sexual assault or incest. The Protect Women & Children campaign is supporting the amendment.

Where have abortion measures been on the ballot since Dobbs?

Following the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization U.S. Supreme Court decision that overturned Roe v. Wade in 2022, seven abortion-related measures appeared on the ballot.

In 2022, there were six ballot measures addressing abortion— the most on record for a single year. Measures were approved in California, Michigan, and Vermont. Measures were defeated in Kansas, Kentucky, and Montana. The most recent abortion-related ballot measure to be passed by voters was Ohio Issue 1, which voters approved in Nov. 2023.